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honen.com/learn/2023-nec-code-updates-for-journeyworkers

What changed in the 2023 cycle

2 min read248 words

Code updates are not bureaucratic housekeeping. Every change traces back to a real event, a pattern of failures, or new technology that the previous cycle did not anticipate.

Why the 2023 cycle matters

The 2023 NEC introduced over 60 substantive changes, including new requirements for energy storage systems, expanded GFCI coverage, and revised rules around EV charging infrastructure. These are not edge cases. They affect everyday installations in residential, commercial, and industrial settings.

For journeyworkers preparing for the exam or heading into inspection, knowing what changed and why it changed is the fastest path to applying it correctly. The articles that tripped up the most apprentices on the previous cycle are covered in lessons two and three.

How to read a code revision

Every NEC revision comes with a panel statement explaining the intent. When you read the panel statement alongside the new text, the requirement makes more sense and sticks longer.

This course embeds the panel reasoning into each section. You will not just memorize what the code says. You will understand why it says it, which matters when an inspector asks you to justify a field decision.

What this means for your license renewal

Most states require code-update coursework as part of continuing education for license renewal. This course documents completion and generates a certificate of training tied to the specific articles covered.

Check your jurisdiction's requirement before you start. The course covers the articles that appear most frequently on state-specific renewal assessments.

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honen.com/learn/introduction-to-photosynthesis

Introduction to Photosynthesis

3 min read458 words

What is Photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is the biological process by which green plants, algae, and certain bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose. It is one of the most important biochemical processes on Earth.

Fun Fact

Photosynthesis produces approximately 300 billion tons of sugar each year - enough to fuel virtually all life on the planet.

The Two Stages

Photosynthesis occurs in two main stages:

  1. •Light-Dependent Reactions - Occur in the thylakoid membranes
  2. •Light-Independent Reactions (Calvin Cycle) - Occur in the stroma

A diagram showing the two stages of photosynthesis: light reactions in the thylakoid membrane producing ATP and NADPH, and the Calvin Cycle in the stroma using those products to fix CO2 into glucose.

A diagram showing the two stages of photosynthesis: light reactions in the thylakoid membrane producing ATP and NADPH, and the Calvin Cycle in the stroma using those products to fix CO2 into glucose.
A diagram showing the two stages of photosynthesis: light reactions in the thylakoid membrane producing ATP and NADPH, and the Calvin Cycle in the stroma using those products to fix CO2 into glucose.

The Chemical Equation

The overall equation for photosynthesis can be written as:

6CO2+6H2O+light energy→C6H12O6+6O26CO_2 + 6H_2O + \text{light energy} \rightarrow C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2

This tells us that carbon dioxide and water, in the presence of light, produce glucose and oxygen.

Chlorophyll

The green pigment found in chloroplasts that absorbs light energy (primarily red and blue wavelengths) and reflects green light, giving plants their characteristic color.

Light-Dependent Reactions

These reactions take place in the thylakoid membranes and require direct sunlight:

  • •Photosystem II (PSII) absorbs light at 680 nm
  • •Water molecules are split (photolysis): 2H2O→4H++4e−+O22H_2O \rightarrow 4H^+ + 4e^- + O_2
  • •Photosystem I (PSI) absorbs light at 700 nm
  • •NADP⁺ is reduced to NADPH

Key Insight

The oxygen we breathe is actually a byproduct of photosynthesis - it comes from the splitting of water molecules, not from CO₂.

The Calvin Cycle

The Calvin Cycle uses the ATP and NADPH from the light reactions to fix carbon dioxide into organic molecules:

Plain Text
Step 1: Carbon Fixation
  CO₂ + RuBP → 2 molecules of 3-PGA
  (Catalyzed by RuBisCO)

Step 2: Reduction
  3-PGA → G3P (using ATP and NADPH)

Step 3: Regeneration
  G3P → RuBP (using ATP)

For every 3 molecules of CO₂ that enter the cycle, 1 molecule of G3P is produced. It takes 2 G3P molecules to make one glucose.

Common Misconception

The Calvin Cycle is sometimes called the "dark reactions," but this is misleading. While it doesn't directly require light, it depends on ATP and NADPH from the light reactions and typically occurs during the day.

Why Photosynthesis Matters

"Photosynthesis is the most important chemical reaction on Earth - it provides the food and oxygen that sustain nearly all life."

  • •Neil Campbell, Biology

Photosynthesis is foundational because it:

  1. •Produces oxygen for aerobic organisms
  2. •Fixes carbon from the atmosphere into organic molecules
  3. •Provides energy that flows through food chains
  4. •Regulates climate by removing CO₂ from the atmosphere

Practice that looks like the real thing.

Real projects, not knowledge checks. Choose from 6 project types to build jobsite scenarios, code-decision drills, equipment walkthroughs, and more. Every one auto-graded by rubric, calibrated to your trade.

Scenario

AI roleplay for objections, escalations, drills

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Phone-paired field walkthrough

Agent

Build and run a real workflow

Notebook

Coded analysis with outputs

Prompt

Prompt engineering challenge

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Analytics — Live

Local 215 · All Apprentices
OverviewCohortsCoursesLearners
1,284Active learners+184 this week
78%Completion+12% vs last month
84%Avg mastery+3 pts vs last cycle
23Needs attention1.8% of learners

Completion over time — Last 12 weeks

Needing attention

Learners falling behind across courses

LearnerGroupStatusCompletionAvg Score
PS

Priya Shah

[email protected]

Compliance · Q2At Risk
31%
52%
ML

Marcus Lin

[email protected]

Sales SDRsNeeds Help
28%
47%
JR

Jordan Ross

[email protected]

Compliance · Q2At Risk
42%
58%
AK

Avery Kim

[email protected]

New ManagersNeeds Help
35%
49%

Courses

Performance across the catalog

CourseEnrolledCompletedCompletion RateAvg Score
Q2 Product LaunchGTM
187162
87%
90%
Sales Onboarding for SDRsRevenue
6451
80%
88%
Annual Compliance RefreshAll workforce
412321
78%
84%
First-Time Manager FoundationsPeople
3822
58%
76%
Customer Discovery BootcampSolutions
4118
44%
71%
1,284Active learners+184 this week
78%Completion+12% vs last month
84%Avg mastery+3 pts vs last cycle
23Needs attention1.8% of learners

Completion trend

Last 12 weeks
W122% → 78%+56 ptsW12

Needing attention

4 learners

Learners falling behind across courses.

Priya Shah
Compliance · Q2
At risk52% avg · 31% done
Marcus Lin
Sales SDRs
Needs help47% avg · 28% done
Jordan Ross
Compliance · Q2
At risk58% avg · 42% done
Avery Kim
New Managers
Needs help49% avg · 35% done

Courses

5 active

Performance across the catalog.

Annual Compliance Refresh78%
All workforce321/412 done · 84% avg
Sales Onboarding for SDRs80%
Revenue51/64 done · 88% avg
First-Time Manager Foundations58%
People22/38 done · 76% avg
Q2 Product Launch87%
GTM162/187 done · 90% avg
Customer Discovery Bootcamp44%
Solutions18/41 done · 71% avg
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OSHA 30 Construction Safety · Spring 2026 Cohort
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It builds, updates, and manages every course in your catalog from plain-English instructions. Drop in NEC codebooks, OSHA manuals, apprenticeship curricula, or certification blueprints. Tell the agent what to ship. It generates the course, hands-on scenarios, assessments, and rollouts under your review. No curriculum committee cycle. No waiting on a publisher.

Apprenticeship handbooks, NCCER curricula, NEC and NFPA standards, OSHA guidance, equipment manuals, field recordings, slide decks, and toolbox talk templates. Honen ingests whatever your training office already has and builds courses from it. Works equally well for pre-apprenticeship outreach and fifth-year journeyworker prep.

Learn by doing. Hands-on simulations of real installations and troubleshooting scenarios alongside AI agents, plus reading, video, flashcards, podcasts, and an always-on AI tutor. Learners on a phone between shifts, learners at a study table the night before an exam, and learners running a scenario on a tablet at the training center all get the same experience.

Tell the Course-Editor Agent what changed, new NEC cycle, updated OSHA guidance, revised cert exam blueprint, and it refreshes the affected lessons across your catalog without resetting apprentice progress. The agent flags weak sections for rewrites based on mastery signal from every cohort.

Yes to all three. NCCER credit hours and OSHA 10/30 completion are tracked per learner and exportable for credit reporting. The mobile app works offline so apprentices can complete training in dead-zone areas and sync when they get a signal. Completion certificates are generated automatically and available for inspector or sponsor requests.

Every learner's training activity, time on task, assessment scores, and certificate events are logged with timestamps and tied to their profile. The local can pull records for any individual, cohort, or date range. Reports are formatted for JATC sponsors, state apprenticeship agencies, and DOL registered apprenticeship auditors.